In precision manufacturing, measurement and other fields, the stability of the equipment is very important, and the vibration attenuation ability directly affects the stable performance of the equipment. Granite platform and cast iron base are common supporting structural components, the difference of vibration attenuation coefficient has a significant impact on the operating accuracy and reliability of the equipment.
1. brief description of the principle of vibration attenuation
Vibration attenuation refers to the process in which an object consumes its own vibration energy after being stimulated by external vibration, and the vibration amplitude is gradually reduced. The vibration attenuation ability is determined by the internal structure and damping characteristics of the material. A high vibration attenuation coefficient means that the material can more efficiently convert vibration energy into other forms of energy (such as heat), which can quickly suppress vibration.
2. Vibration attenuation characteristics of granite platform
Granite is a kind of natural stone, its interior is made of a variety of mineral crystals tightly combined. This dense and complex structure gives granite good vibration attenuation properties. When the external vibration is transmitted to the granite platform, the tiny friction between the crystals and the interaction between the mineral particles can effectively absorb and dissipate the vibration energy. Research shows that the vibration attenuation coefficient of granite is usually between 0.01 and 0.02 (granite of different origin and composition will be slightly different). In precision measuring equipment, such as the coordinate measuring instrument is equipped with granite platform, even if there is vibration interference caused by large-scale mechanical operation around, the granite platform can rapidly attenuate vibration, so that the probe of the measuring instrument remains stable, to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data. For example, in the electronic chip manufacturing workshop, the environmental vibration is more complex, and the granite platform can reduce the incoming vibration amplitude by more than 80% in a short time, providing a stable basis for high-precision measurement in the chip manufacturing process.
3. Vibration attenuation characteristics of cast iron base
Cast iron is an alloy material based on iron, adding carbon, silicon and other elements. It has a flake or spherical graphite structure inside, which acts like a dampener to a certain extent and helps to attenuate vibration. The vibration attenuation coefficient of ordinary gray cast iron is generally about 0.005-0.01, and the vibration attenuation performance of ductile cast iron has been improved due to its spherical distribution of graphite and more uniform structure, and the attenuation coefficient can reach 0.01-0.015. In machine tool equipment, cast iron base can effectively reduce the vibration caused by cutting forces during machine operation. However, compared with the granite platform, the cast iron base in the face of high-frequency, high-intensity vibration, vibration attenuation rate is slightly slower. For example, in the process of high-speed milling, when the cutting speed exceeds a certain threshold, although the cast iron base can attenuate part of the vibration, there will still be a small amount of residual vibration transmitted to the machining tool, affecting the finish of the machined surface, and the granite platform can better maintain stability in this case.
4. Comparative analysis
From the data comparison, the vibration attenuation coefficient of the granite platform is higher than that of the cast iron base, which means that under the same vibration environment, the granite platform can attenuate the vibration more quickly and effectively. In scenarios with high vibration control requirements, such as optical precision instruments and ultra-precision machining equipment, the advantages of granite platforms are particularly obvious, which can provide a more stable working environment for equipment and ensure the smooth progress of high-precision operations. The cast iron base with its low cost, mature casting process and other characteristics, in some of the vibration attenuation requirements are relatively not so harsh, and pay attention to cost control of general machinery manufacturing, general industrial equipment is widely used.
In practical applications, it is necessary to choose granite platform or cast iron base according to the specific needs of the equipment, working environment and cost budget, in order to achieve the best vibration attenuation effect and economic benefits.
Post time: Apr-03-2025